$15.0 Buy It Now or Best Offer
free,30-Day Returns
Seller Store 2015uakisun
(2687) 100.0%,
Location: West
Ships to: US,
Item: 255464411001
Return shipping will be paid by:Buyer
All returns accepted:Returns Accepted
Item must be returned within:60 Days
Refund will be given as:Money Back
Return policy details:
Year:1666
Origin:European
Era:Medieval
Poland Lithuania Solidus Szelag 1666 Copper Coin. 16 mm, 1,6 g. The middle of the 17th century for The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was a very difficult period. Despite the glory of the royal court, the financial affairs of the state were far from brilliant. The national liberation revolution under the leadership of Bogdan Khmelnytsky in Ukraine, the war with the Moscow kingdom, the war with Sweden, the Polish-Turkish wars, all sorts of rhetoric, that is, the official gesture speeches in defense of their rights and freedoms, the great and small disturbances of The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, demanded funds, funds and funds . Of course, they are not themselves, but an army, without which the further existence of the state was impossible. He needed to feed, dress, arm and so on. And to pay the proper salary, because the army was hired and all – from ordinary zhonnezhy to colonel-regemers, demanded money. Delayed payouts threatened rebellion. In 1657, the patience of the military broke: they created a confederation in order to take power. The output did not seem to have happened. And yet, he found the quick mind with Burattino. The reform he has proposed made his name widely known in The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Even more – he wrote in the history of the monetary circulation of several countries, whose territory then belonged to the territories of this state, and their neighbors. Burattino`s way of patching the holes in the treasury was extremely simple: he recommended for Jan II Kazimierz move away from the silver standard of the mintage coin and make copper coins with a rate much lower than the cost of their metal. At the same time, the rate had to be equal to the rate of circulation of previously minted white copper coins (made of an alloy of at least 40% silver), that is, it was determined by the state and amounted to one third of the silver money. According to Burattino`s new coins should be made massively so that they can cover all the needs of the state as a means of payment. The question was referred to the Sejm, and on March 22, 1659, he approved the decision “On Issuing a Coin.” The decree also determined that copper solids (called them still shelled) would be minted for a sum of one million zlotys for the Crown (i.e. for the Polish lands), and another one million for the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Given that the value of one reference currency, the zloty, at the proposed official rate should be equal to 90 solid-shelles, the total number of coins should have been extremely large. Thus, not only existing coin yards in Krakow and other cities were involved in the production of new money, but also new ones were founded. In the summer of the same year, the Seym issued another “ordination”, which confirmed the course of the copper leakage and determined that it should strike “on the foot” of 150 coins from one “Krakow’s hryvnia” of copper, weighed in 201. That is, the weight of such a coin was set at 1,346 grams – almost twice less than the copper salt in 1650, but with a greater than compulsory rate: 3 solids equaled 1 silver money, and 30 such money, that is, 90 solids – 1 zloty. The real value of the new coin was only 15% of the nominal! Thus, the shelves were inadequate credit money. On July 2, 1659, Burattino signed an agreement with the government, which obliged to release all 180 million solids. The retreat turned out to be very beneficial for all – the king, the most Burattino and even the minters. All but the population of the Commonwealth. The King benefited from the fact that every one thousand “Boratynka” (a name so popular in the people soon received new money) due to the above-established course and inferiority of the coin, allowed the state actually to receive goods and services for about 80-120, and sometimes more silver money . New solids-shelles went to pay for Polish soldiers, food and weapons for the troops, they paid domestic debts and compensations for the burnt-up crops and destroyed during the war lordship estate. Burattino`s pro fi t was determined by the fact that, out of every 300 shells that were fired from two Krakow hryvnia of copper, he and the wages of the workers of the mints, according to the agreement, went 84 coins. Well, the minter contrived to beat not one hundred and fifty shelves from the same Krakow hryvnia, and some more – who in how many in the absence of constant control was capable. So, besides the pay for work, they had some more “pockets”. The winner of this holiday was the enrichment of the entire population of the Commonwealth. And the loan that lay on his shoulder was irreversible. At first, copper solids were fired only in Poland, and from 1664 – and in several cities of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In total, over seven years of emissions, more than a billion copper solids were produced! And this is only official calculations, because the new slugs are also interested in “riveted” -finished. Given the real, rather than the exchange rate, “Boratynka” they were not even restrained by the coinage of lesser weight – they simply complemented the circulation of their own products, which were not worse than the originals. Of course, the market has responded to such volumes of new money by inflation. Polish gentlemans in a few years significantly depreciated, and in 1666, the Diet decided to stop their minting. And, at the same time, draw Burattino for destroying the system of public finances in court. However, it was possible not only to prove his innocence but also to obtain from the execution of his compensation in accordance with contracts with the state in the amount of one and a half million zloty (!) Which he allegedly “did not finish” on his and his lenders’ benefit. Therefore, in order to satisfy the “fair”, as written in the relevant decree, the claims of Burattino, he was left for a further two years by the tenant of the Krakow Mint. Now, though, there were not rambled there, but six-groszes, orts and double duckats.
Frequently Asked Questions About Poland Lithuania Solidus Szelag 1666 Copper Coin. №214 in My Website
topusedfurniture.com is the best online shopping platform where you can buy Poland Lithuania Solidus Szelag 1666 Copper Coin. №214 from renowned brand(s). topusedfurniture.com delivers the most unique and largest selection of products from across the world especially from the US, UK and India at best prices and the fastest delivery time.
What are the best-selling Poland Lithuania Solidus Szelag 1666 Copper Coin. №214 on topusedfurniture.com?
topusedfurniture.com helps you to shop online and delivers Boy London to your doorstep. The best-selling Boy London on topusedfurniture.com are: ELTON JOHN BOY LONDON WATCH Bru Boy London Doll Co Cross Stitch Booklet Victorian Experience Boat Elton John BOY LONDON Watch AIDS Eradication Movement Collaboration Limited Fudo Boy London United Kingdom Big Logo Embroidered Sweatshirt 2000’s Boy London UK Classic Print Orange Logo T-Shirt Men’s L-M Black BOY London v neck size large NEW Men’s T-shirt white usa made %100 cotton BOY London v neck size med NEW Men’s T-shirt light grey usa made %100 cotton BOY London v neck size large NEW Men’s T-shirt light Blue usa made %100 cotton Boy London Womens Y2K Flared Pants Ribbed Lilac Black Colorblock Size small Baby Boy London Fog Warm Winter Coat Car Seat Bag Size 0-6months BOY London 100% Authentic NEW Menes T-shirt Gray size larrge crow neck Eagle Designer Long Clothing Gold Rune Printed Leggings Sml, Med Boy London,Mishka,HBA BOY LONDON jersey dress bodycon Knit black color size UK S Perfect Condition My Story : Roman Invasion British Boy – Sweep’s Boy London 1870 by Jim Eldridge Men’s Watch BOY LONDON Steel Mesh Milan RoseGold Rose Gold Hat Gift Bearbrick/Be@Rbrick Series 22 Secret Long Boy London Medicom Toy Figure Boy London legging small C9346 maglia uomo BOY LONDON viola/arancione t-shirt violet men NWT $65 BOY LONDON pants pink gold eagle sweatpants joggers drawstring girl 5A Boy London Women’s Midi Skirt W 22 in Cream 100% Other Vintage Boy London Watch Black Band Silver Case Seconds Subdial Kings Road Steph Boy London By Sumer Model Unknown Dimarzio Lace Transensor Electric Bass Jazz BOY LONDON Vintage Sweatshirt Black/silver Size XS BOY London v neck size xlarge NEW Men’s T-shirt light pink usa made %100 cotton Boy London Crop Black Hoodie Size XS BOY London v neck size large NEW Men’s T-shirt WHITE usa made %100 cotton BOY London v neck size large NEW Men’s T-shirt grey usa made %100 cotton BOY London 100% Authentic NEW Menes T-shirt size M crow neck Eagle Light Boy London Women’s T-Shirt S Black 100% Cotton Basic Boy London T Shirt Mens Jigsaw Tee Black Printed Selfridges Short Sleeve XS BNWT BOY London v neck size large NEW Men’s T-shirt PINK usa made %100 cotton Long Clothing Union Small Patch Beanie Unisex Boy London, Selfridges, Mishka Boylondon Men’Swatch Boy London Women’s Mini Skirt S Black Rayon with Nylon, Spandex Short Mini BOY London v neck size large NEW Men’s T-shirt pink usa made %100 cotton Long Clothing Stay Gold Dress, Sizes S. M. L. Boy London, Mishka, Selfridges BOY LONDON EAGLE PRINT SWEATSHIRT-BLACK. BOY London v neck size large NEW Men’s T-shirt light grey usa made %100 cotton Boy London Vintage 38mm Quartz Men’s Watch Designer Fashion Japan Leather Strap youngboy never broke again hoodie BOY London v neck size large NEW Men’s T-shirt light grey usa made %100 cotton Boy London Joggers Track Pants Size S Drawstring Waist Drop Crotch Logo BOY LONDON GOLD PRINT TRACK PANTS-BLACK. BOY London 100% Authentic NEW Menes T-shirt blue size larrge crow neck Eagle BOY London v neck size large NEW Men’s T-shirt light grey usa made %100 cotton Boy London Denim Shorts Blue XS & L VINTAGE DESIGNER PUNK SELFRIDGES boy london white logo sweatshirt top BOY London Sweatshirt Track Hoodie Zip up White Black Print Vintage Boy London Shirt 90s seditionaries punk 1968 SAMMY DAVIS JR. “GOLDEN BOY ” LONDON PALLADIUM SHOW BLACK ACTOR Designer Long Clothing 2 tone T Shirt – Unisex Sml, Med & Lrg – Boy London Designer Long x Mishka 2.0 Dress Sizes S, M & L. Boy London, HBA, Selfridges LBD BOY London the orginal size L 100% Authentic NEW Mens T-shirt Light Gray #14 SX 4395 – The Post Boy, London – Hastings Road, Flimwell, Kent Watch BOY LONDON BOY-16-W Silver Stainless Steel 1980s Analog Men Japan Made Boy London “Snitches Get Stitches” Original Graffiti Pink and Black Artwork Brown, Georgia – Milord/Blue-Eyed Boy London 1956 Vinyl 45 rpm Record BOY London Cropped Metallic Knit Logo Print Top – Size 5/6Y Bill Black’s Combo – So What / Blues For The Red Boy – London – Vinyl 7″ 45 RPM Fats Domino(7″ Vinyl 1st Issue)Country Boy-London-HLP 9073-UK-Ex/Ex- LITTLE EVA – The Loco-Motion / He is the Boy London 7” Vinyl Single Record 1962 FALL OUT BOY LONDON 20/03/2014 TICKET STUB Ladies Small BOY London Distressed Acid Wash Blue Midi Denim Skirt Kfg-31 The Post Boy, London Hastings Road, Flimwell, Sussex. Photo Long Clothing Tribal Snap Back Cap Blk Unisex Boy London, Selfridges, Mishka BOY LONDON EAGLE FLOCK HOODIE – WHITE. boy london watch 153 Kings Road Mcmxcv VINTAGE BOY LONDON PUNK PISTOLS JERSEY TSHIRT L SCHOTT LONSDALE FRED PERRY Vintage ~ Tom Brown’s School-Days By An Old Boy ~ London ~ Book ~Rare VG Boy London MA1 Reversible Bomber Jacket Black Size XXS THE DELL VIKINGS – Whispering Bells/Little Billy Boy – London – HLD 8464 – VG+ Long Clothing Plain Black Zip Up Hoodie Unisex 3 Sizes Boy London, Mishka, HBA BOY LONDON BLACK JACKET SIZE M SAFARI BOY (LONDON COWGIRL) By Melissa D. Anderson **BRAND NEW** Popeye 2015 October City Boy, London 822 Vintage Retro Untested Watch Lot – Disney, Suizo Quartz, Timex, Boy London Little Eva – The Loco-Motion / He Is The Boy LONDON 1962 (L516) The German dancer & actress Dinah Grace with a page boy London Jun- Old Photo BOY LONDON SILVER PRINT TRACK PANTS-BLACK. Boy London 73W Watch Wristwatch – RARE! Boy london vintage watch mirror face womens official Green Leather Band Elton John Watch Boy London Rare 7769Y leggings bimba girl BOY LONDON pantaloni silver grey trouser VINTAGE STYLE BOY LONDON REPEATED LOGO ALL OVER PRINT BLACK MEN’S T SHIRT M Boy London Big Logo Sweatshirt Fats Domino – If You Need Me / Country Boy – London Records – Vinyl 7″ 45 RPM Boy London Lilac Flare Pant KE 2239 – The Post Boy, London-Hastings Road, Flimwell, Kent c1933 Boylondon Men’Swatch Women’s Boy London denim shorts blue Color Size M new LITTLE EVA LOCOMOTION / HE IS THE BOY LONDON REISSUE Rare 78rpm record, E-, SLIM WHITMAN : Danny Boy , London L.1214 Designer Long Clothing Infinity Leggings (2 sizes). Boy London, HBA, Selfridges Little Eva – The Loco Motion / He Is The Boy London HL 9581, Vinyl Record FATS DOMINO IF YOU NEED ME / COUNTRY BOY LONDON PAUL EVANS HUSHABYE LITTLE GUITAR / BLIND BOY LONDON U.K ISSUE BOY LONDON EAGLE BACKPRINT SWEATSHIRT-WHITE. Bearbrick Series 22 Chase 100% Boy London Medicom Bear Brick Be@rbrick The Crystals(Rare 2nd State 7″ Vinyl)I Wonder / Little Boy-London-HLU 9-Ex/VG+ Fats Domino(7″ Vinyl)If You Need Me/ Country Boy-London-HLP 9073-UK-VG+/Ex- Mens Pullover Fleece Hoodie